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java.lang.Object com.imsl.stat.FactorAnalysis
Performs Principal Component Analysis or Factor Analysis on a covariance or correlation matrix.
Class FactorAnalysis
computes principal components or
initial factor loading estimates for a variance-covariance or correlation
matrix using exploratory factor analysis models.
Models available are the principal component model for factor analysis and the common factor model with additions to the common factor model in alpha factor analysis and image analysis. Methods of estimation include principal components, principal factor, image analysis, unweighted least squares, generalized least squares, and maximum likelihood.
For the principal component model there are methods to compute the characteristic roots, characteristic vectors, standard errors for the characteristic roots, and the correlations of the principal component scores with the original variables. Principal components obtained from correlation matrices are the same as principal components obtained from standardized (to unit variance) variables.
The principal component scores are the elements of the vector where is the matrix whose columns are the characteristic vectors (eigenvectors) of the sample covariance (or correlation) matrix and x is the vector of observed (or standardized) random variables. The variances of the principal component scores are the characteristic roots (eigenvalues) of the covariance (correlation) matrix.
Asymptotic variances for the characteristic roots were first obtained by Girshick (1939) and are given more recently by Kendall, Stuart, and Ord (1983, page 331). These variances are computed either for variance-covariance matrices or for correlation matrices.
The correlations of the principal components with the observed (or standardized) variables are the same as the unrotated factor loadings obtained for the principal components model for factor analysis when a correlation matrix is input.
In the factor analysis model used for factor extraction, the basic model is given as where is the population covariance matrix. is the matrix of factor loadings relating the factors f to the observed variables x, and is the matrix of covariances of the unique errors e. Here, p represents the number of variables and k is the number of factors. The relationship between the factors, the unique errors, and the observed variables is given as where, in addition, it is assumed that the expected values of e, f, and x are zero. (The sample means can be subtracted from x if the expected value of x is not zero.) It is also assumed that each factor has unit variance, the factors are independent of each other, and that the factors and the unique errors are mutually independent. In the common factor model, the elements of the vector of unique errors e are also assumed to be independent of one another so that the matrix is diagonal. This is not the case in the principal component model in which the errors may be correlated.
Further differences between the various methods concern the criterion that is optimized and the amount of computer effort required to obtain estimates. Generally speaking, the least-squares and maximum likelihood methods, which use iterative algorithms, require the most computer time with the principal factor, principal component, and the image methods requiring much less time since the algorithms in these methods are not iterative. The algorithm in alpha factor analysis is also iterative, but the estimates in this method generally require somewhat less computer effort than the least-squares and maximum likelihood estimates. In all algorithms one eigensystem analysis is required on each iteration.
Nested Class Summary | |
static class |
FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException
Bad variance error. |
static class |
FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException
Eigenvalue error. |
static class |
FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException
No degrees of freedom error. |
static class |
FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
Non positive eigenvalue error. |
static class |
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException
Covariance matrix not positive definite. |
static class |
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException
Covariance matrix not positive semi-definite. |
static class |
FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException
Hessian matrix not semi-definite. |
static class |
FactorAnalysis.RankException
Rank of covariance matrix error. |
static class |
FactorAnalysis.SingularException
Covariance matrix singular error. |
Field Summary | |
static int |
ALPHA_FACTOR_ANALYSIS
Indicates alpha factor analysis. |
static int |
CORRELATION_MATRIX
Indicates correlation matrix. |
static int |
GENERALIZED_LEAST_SQUARES
Indicates generalized least squares method. |
static int |
IMAGE_FACTOR_ANALYSIS
Indicates image factor analysis. |
static int |
MAXIMUM_LIKELIHOOD
Indicates maximum likelihood method. |
static int |
PRINCIPAL_COMPONENT_MODEL
Indicates principal component model. |
static int |
PRINCIPAL_FACTOR_MODEL
Indicates principal factor model. |
static int |
UNWEIGHTED_LEAST_SQUARES
Indicates unweighted least squares method. |
static int |
VARIANCE_COVARIANCE_MATRIX
Indicates variance-covariance matrix. |
Constructor Summary | |
FactorAnalysis(double[][] cov,
int matrixType,
int nf)
Constructor for FactorAnalysis . |
Method Summary | |
double[][] |
getCorrelations()
Returns the correlations of the principal components. |
double[][] |
getFactorLoadings()
Returns the unrotated factor loadings. |
double[] |
getParameterUpdates()
Returns the parameter updates. |
double[] |
getPercents()
Returns the cumulative percent of the total variance explained by each principal component. |
double[] |
getStandardErrors()
Returns the estimated asymptotic standard errors of the eigenvalues. |
double[] |
getStatistics()
Returns statistics. |
double[] |
getValues()
Returns the eigenvalues. |
double[] |
getVariances()
Gets the unique variances. |
double[][] |
getVectors()
Returns the eigenvectors. |
void |
setConvergenceCriterion1(double eps)
Sets the convergence criterion used to terminate the iterations. |
void |
setConvergenceCriterion2(double epse)
Sets the convergence criterion used to switch to exact second derivatives. |
void |
setDegreesOfFreedom(int ndf)
Sets the number of degrees of freedom. |
void |
setFactorLoadingEstimationMethod(int methodType)
Sets the factor loading estimation method. |
void |
setMaxIterations(int maxit)
Sets the maximum number of iterations in the iterative procedure. |
void |
setMaxStep(int maxstp)
Sets the maximum number of step halvings allowed during an iteration. |
void |
setVarianceEstimationMethod(int init)
Sets the variance estimation method. |
void |
setVariances(double[] uniq)
Sets the variances. |
Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
Field Detail |
public static final int ALPHA_FACTOR_ANALYSIS
public static final int CORRELATION_MATRIX
public static final int GENERALIZED_LEAST_SQUARES
public static final int IMAGE_FACTOR_ANALYSIS
public static final int MAXIMUM_LIKELIHOOD
public static final int PRINCIPAL_COMPONENT_MODEL
public static final int PRINCIPAL_FACTOR_MODEL
public static final int UNWEIGHTED_LEAST_SQUARES
public static final int VARIANCE_COVARIANCE_MATRIX
Constructor Detail |
public FactorAnalysis(double[][] cov, int matrixType, int nf)
FactorAnalysis
.
cov
- A double
matrix containing the covariance or correlation matrix.matrixType
- An int
scalar indicating the type of matrix
that is input. Uses class member
VARIANCE_COVARIANCE_MATRIX
,
CORRELATION_MATRIX
for matrixType
.nf
- An int
scalar indicating the number of factors in the model.
If nf
is not known in advance, several different values of
nf
should be used, and the most reasonable value kept in
the final solution. Since, in practice, the non-iterative methods often
lead to solutions which differ little from the iterative methods, it is
usually suggested that a non-iterative method be used in the initial
stages of the factor analysis, and that the iterative methods be used
once issues such as the number of factors have been resolved.
IllegalArgumentException
- is thrown if x.length
,
and x[0].length
are equal to 0.Method Detail |
public double[][] getCorrelations() throws FactorAnalysis.RankException, FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException, FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.SingularException, FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException, FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException, FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
double
matrix containing the correlations of the
principal components with the observed/standardized variables. If
a covariance matrix is input to the constructor, then the correlations
are with the observed variables. Otherwise, the correlations are with
the standardized (to a variance of 1.0) variables. Only valid for the
principal components model.
FactorAnalysis.RankException
FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException
FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.SingularException
FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException
FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException
FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
public double[][] getFactorLoadings() throws FactorAnalysis.RankException, FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException, FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.SingularException, FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException, FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException, FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
double
matrix containing the unrotated factor loadings.
FactorAnalysis.RankException
FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException
FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.SingularException
FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException
FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException
FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
public double[] getParameterUpdates() throws FactorAnalysis.RankException, FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException, FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.SingularException, FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException, FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException, FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
double
array containing the parameter updates when
convergence was reached (or the iterations terminated). The parameter
updates are only meaningful for the common factor model. The parameter
updates are set to 0.0 for the principal component model.
FactorAnalysis.RankException
FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException
FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.SingularException
FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException
FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException
FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
public double[] getPercents() throws FactorAnalysis.RankException, FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException, FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.SingularException, FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException, FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException, FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
double
array containing the total variance explained
by each principal component.
FactorAnalysis.RankException
FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException
FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.SingularException
FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException
FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException
FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
public double[] getStandardErrors() throws FactorAnalysis.RankException, FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException, FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.SingularException, FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException, FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException, FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
double
array containing the estimated asymptotic
standard errors of the eigenvalues.
FactorAnalysis.RankException
FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException
FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.SingularException
FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException
FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException
FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
public double[] getStatistics() throws FactorAnalysis.RankException, FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException, FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.SingularException, FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException, FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException, FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
double
array (Stat) containing output statistics. Stat is not
defined and is set to NaN when the method used to obtain the
estimates, is the principal component method, principal factor method,
image factor analysis method, or alpha analysis method.
i | Stat[i] |
0 | Value of the function minimum. |
1 | Tucker reliability coefficient. |
2 | Chi-squared test statistic for testing that the number of factors in the model are adequate for the data. |
3 | Degrees of freedom in chi-squared. This is computed as
where nvar is the number of variables and nf is the number of factors in
the model. |
4 | Probability of a greater chi-squared statistic. |
5 | Number of iterations. |
FactorAnalysis.RankException
FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException
FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.SingularException
FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException
FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException
FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
public double[] getValues() throws FactorAnalysis.RankException, FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException, FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.SingularException, FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException, FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException, FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
double
array containing the eigenvalues of the matrix from
which the factors were extracted ordered from largest to smallest. If Alpha Factor
analysis is used, then the first nf
positions of the array contain the Alpha
coefficients. Here, nf
is the number of factors in the model. If the algorithm fails to converge for a
particular eigenvalue, that eigenvalue is set to NaN. Note that the eigenvalues
are usually not the eigenvalues of the input matrix cov. They are the eigenvalues
of the input matrix cov when the principal component
method is used.
FactorAnalysis.RankException
FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException
FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.SingularException
FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException
FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException
FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
public double[] getVariances() throws FactorAnalysis.RankException, FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException, FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.SingularException, FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException, FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException, FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
double
array of length nvar containing the unique variances, where nvar
is the number of variables.
FactorAnalysis.RankException
FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException
FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.SingularException
FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException
FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException
FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
public double[][] getVectors() throws FactorAnalysis.RankException, FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException, FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException, FactorAnalysis.SingularException, FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException, FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException, FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
double
matrix containing the eigenvectors of the matrix from
which the factors were extracted. The j-th column of
the eigenvector matrix corresponds to the j-th eigenvalue. The eigenvectors
are normalized to each have Euclidean length equal to one. Also, the sign
of each vector is set so that the largest component in magnitude (the first
of the largest if there are ties) is made positive. Note that the eigenvectors
are usually not the eigenvectors of the input matrix cov. They are the eigenvectors
of the input matrix cov when the principal component
method is used.
FactorAnalysis.RankException
FactorAnalysis.NoDegreesOfFreedomException
FactorAnalysis.NotSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveSemiDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.NotPositiveDefiniteException
FactorAnalysis.SingularException
FactorAnalysis.BadVarianceException
FactorAnalysis.EigenvalueException
FactorAnalysis.NonPositiveEigenvalueException
public void setConvergenceCriterion1(double eps)
eps
- A double
used to terminate the iterations. For the least squares and
and maximum likelihood methods convergence is assumed when the relative change
in the criterion is less than eps
. For alpha factor analysis, convergence is
assumed when the maximum change (relative to the variance) of a uniqueness is
less than eps
. eps
is not referenced for the other estimation methods.
If this member function is not called, eps
is set to 0.0001.public void setConvergenceCriterion2(double epse)
epse
- A double
used to switch to exact second derivatives. When
the largest relative change in the unique standard deviation vector
is less than epse
exact second derivative vectors are used. If this
member function is not called, epse
is set to 0.1. Not referenced for
principal component, principal factor, image factor, or alpha factor methods.public void setDegreesOfFreedom(int ndf)
ndf
- An int
value specifying the number of degrees
of freedom in the input matrix. If this member function is not
called 100 degrees of freedom are assumed.public void setFactorLoadingEstimationMethod(int methodType)
methodType
- An int
scalar indicating the method to be applied
for obtaining the factor loadings. Use class member
PRINCIPAL_COMPONENT_MODEL
,
PRINCIPAL_FACTOR_MODEL
,
UNWEIGHTED_LEAST_SQUARES
,
GENERALIZED_LEAST_SQUARES
,
MAXIMUM_LIKELIHOOD
,
IMAGE_FACTOR_ANALYSIS
, or
ALPHA_FACTOR_ANALYSIS
for methodType
.
If this member function is not called, the PRINCIPAL_COMPONENT_MODEL
is used.
For the principal component and principal factor methods, the factor loading estimates are computed as
where and the diagonal matrix are the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a matrix. In the principal component model, the eigensystem analysis is performed on the sample covariance (correlation) matrix while in the principal factor model the matrix is used. If the unique error variances are not known in the principal factor model, then they are estimated. This is achieved by calling the member functionsetVarianceEstimationMethod
and setting init
to 0. If the principal component model is used, the error
variances are set to 0.0 automatically.
The basic idea in the principal component method is to find factors that maximize the variance in the original data that is explained by the factors. Because this method allows the unique errors to be correlated, some factor analysts insist that the principal component method is not a factor analytic method. Usually however, the estimates obtained via the principal component model and other models in factor analysis will be quite similar.
It should be noted that both the principal component and the principal factor methods
give different results when the correlation matrix is used in place of the covariance
matrix. Indeed, any rescaling of the sample covariance matrix can lead to different
estimates with either of these methods. A further difficulty with the principal factor
method is the problem of estimating the unique error variances. Theoretically, these
must be known in advance and passed in through member function setVariances
.
In practice, the estimates of these parameters produced by calling the member function setVarianceEstimationMethod
and setting init
to 0 are often used. In either case, the resulting adjusted
covariance (correlation) matrix
nf
positive eigenvalues required for nf
factors to be
obtained. If this occurs, the user must either lower the number of factors to be estimated
or give new unique error variance values.
For the least-squares and maximum likelihood methods an iterative algorithm is used to obtain the estimates (see Joreskog 1977). As with the principal factor model, the user may either input the initial unique error variances or allow the algorithm to compute initial estimates. Unlike the principal factor method, the code then optimizes the criterion function with respect to both and . (In the principal factor method, is assumed to be known. Given , estimates for may be obtained.)
The major differences between the estimation methods described in this member function are in the criterion function that is optimized. Let denote the sample covariance (correlation) matrix, and let denote the covariance matrix that is to be estimated by the factor model. In the unweighted least-squares method, also called the iterated principal factor method or the minres method (see Harman 1976, page 177), the function minimized is the sum of the squared differences between and . This is written as .
Generalized least-squares and maximum likelihood estimates are asymptotically equivalent methods. Maximum likelihood estimates maximize the (normal theory) likelihood while generalized least squares optimizes the function .
In all three methods, a two-stage optimization procedure is used. This proceeds by first solving the likelihood equations for in terms of and substituting the solution into the likelihood. This gives a criterion , which is optimized with respect to . In the second stage, the estimates
are obtained from the estimates for .The generalized least-squares and the maximum likelihood methods allow for the
computation of a statistic for testing that nf
common factors are
adequate to fit the model. This is a chi-squared test that all remaining parameters
associated with additional factors are zero. If the probability of a larger chi-squared is
small (see stat[4]
under getStatistics
) so that the null hypothesis is rejected, then
additional factors are needed (although these factors may not be of any practical
importance). Failure to reject does not legitimize the model. The statistic stat[2]
is
a likelihood ratio statistic in maximum likelihood estimates. As such, it
asymptotically follows a chi-squared distribution with degrees of freedom given in
stat[3]
.
The Tucker and Lewis (1973) reliability coefficient, , is returned
in stat[1]
when the maximum likelihood or generalized least-squares methods are
used. This coefficient is an estimate of the ratio of explained to the total variation in
the data. It is computed as follows:
cov
, p is
the number of variables, k is the number of factors, is
the optimized criterion, and d is the number of degrees of freedom.
The term "image analysis" is used here to denote the noniterative image method of Kaiser (1963). It is not the image factor analysis discussed by Harman (1976, page 226). The image method (as well as the alpha factor analysis method) begins with the notion that only a finite number from an infinite number of possible variables have been measured. The image factor pattern is calculated under the assumption that the ratio of the number of factors to the number of observed variables is near zero so that a very good estimate for the unique error variances (for standardized variables) is given as one minus the squared multiple correlation of the variable under consideration with all variables in the covariance matrix.
First, the matrix is computed where the operator "diag" results in a matrix consisting of the diagonal elements of its argument, and is the sample covariance (correlation) matrix. Then, the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the matrix are computed. Finally, the unrotated image factor pattern matrix is computed as .
The alpha factor analysis method of Kaiser and Caffrey (1965) finds factor-loading estimates to maximize the correlation between the factors and the complete universe of variables of interest. The basic idea in this method is as follows: only a finite number of variables out of a much larger set of possible variables is observed. The population factors are linearly related to this larger set while the observed factors are linearly related to the observed variables. Let f denote the factors obtainable from a finite set of observed random variables, and let denote the factors obtainable from the universe of observable variables. Then, the alpha method attempts to find factor-loading estimates so as to maximize the correlation between f and . In order to obtain these estimates, the iterative algorithm of Kaiser and Caffrey (1965) is used.
public void setMaxIterations(int maxit)
maxit
- An int
used as the maximum number of iterations
allowed during the iterative portion of the algorithm. If
this member function is not called, maxit
is set to 60. Not
referenced for factor loading methods principal component,
principal factor, or image factor methods.public void setMaxStep(int maxstp)
maxstp
- An int
used as the maximum number of step halvings
allowed during an iteration. If this member function is not called,
maxstp
is set to 8. Not referenced for
principal component, principal factor, image factor,
or alpha factor methods.public void setVarianceEstimationMethod(int init)
init
- An int
used to designate the method to be applied
for obtaining the initial estimates of the unique variances.
If this member function is not called, init
is set to 1.
init | Method |
0 | Initial estimates are taken as the constant 1-nf/(2*nvar) divided
by the diagonal elements of the inverse of input matrix cov , where nvar is the number of variables. |
1 | Initial estimates are input by the user in vector uniq (setVariances) . |
uniq
are reset to 0.0.public void setVariances(double[] uniq)
uniq
- A double
array of length nvar containing the unique variances, where nvar
is the number of variables.
If this member function is not called, the elements of uniq are set to 0.0.
If the iterative methods fail for the unique variances used, new initial
estimates should be tried. These may be obtained by use of another
factoring method (use the final estimates from the new method as initial
estimates in the old method). Another alternative is to call member function
setVarianceEstimationMethod
and set the input argument to 0. This
will cause the initial unique variances to be estimated by the code.
|
JMSLTM Numerical Library 4.0 | ||||||||
PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | ||||||||
SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |